Mixing device for fluids.



F. A. HEATH, v NHXING DEVICE FOR FLUIDS. APPUCAHON HLED NOV. 20, 1912.

Patent-ed Dec. 28, 1915.

' other FORREST A. HEATH, OEJERSEY CITY, NEW] JERSEY.

MIXING DEVICE FOR FLUIDS.

messes.

'Devices for Fluids, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improve.

ments in means for rendering more uniform and homogeneous mixtures of gases and more particularly the mixtures of air and liquid fuel for use in internal combustion I engines.

, The invention involves certain improvements over the construction disclosed in the patent to Morse, No. 1,110,223, granted September 8, 1914, the object being to simplify the construction, reduce the cost of manufacture, and better adapt the device for use in connection with piping already installed as the intake of an engine or as mixture-delivering conduit. The basic principle involved in this construction and that set forth in the patent above referred Qto involves the swirling of the.

mixture as it passes through the conduit and causing the swirling gas to impinge upon interfering elements which serve to breakup the minute drops or globules of liquid carried along with the gas and to render the mixture as uniform and homo: geneous as possible. This is accomplished by means of a fixed blade or rib obliquely arranged in the conduit preferably in the form of a helix projecting a short distance from the inner Wall thereof and disposed adjacent to a series of interfering elements preferably in the form of a. coarse wire mesh. The helical deflector does not materially reduce the cross sectional area of the conduit but causes the gas to swirl in a spiral or helical path-about the axis of the conduit even when the engine is being operated at low speeds and the velocity of the gas is slow. At high speeds and velocities it is still effective in producing the swirl butbeing of small area as compared with the total area of the passage, it does not materially interfere with the-free passage of the mixture. The interfering elements are relatively widely spaced but being at an angle to the path of the impingingmixture are struck by a. large portion of the minute drops or globules offiuid and also sets up eddies or currents in the mixture which cause the com- Spccification of Letters Patent.

rearrangement of the pai ts.

Patented Dec. 2%, i915.

Application filed November 20, 1912. Serial No. 732,493.

plete vaporization of any drops or globules which may have escaped impinging upon interfering elements.

A deflector in the form of an oblique or helical blade or rib may be formed within the manifold pipe integral therewith, and the pipe if cast may have the ends of the interfering elements embedded therein or may serve to support the interfering elements independently of the baiile. construction which is adapted for use in connection with manifolds or intake pipes already in use, -the helical deflector and the interfering elements are carried by and rigidly securedto a sleeve adapted to be slipped insideof the manifold or intake pipe and held in place in any suitable manner.

This permits the installation of the device by a mere separation of two sections of the said sections without any readjustment or One simple means of holding the sleeve in place involves a terminal flange on the latter which may be clamped between abutting ends of the pipe or conduit within which the device is placed. v

Referenccis to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the I views, and in Which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a two-cylinder engine, a portion of the intake pipe being shown in section with my improved device therein; Fig. 2 is an end view of the device 1201- .s'c; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through said device; Fig. i is a section in perspective of one-half of the sleeve prior to the attaching of the interfering elements. and Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through a portion of a cast metal conduit having the 'helically disposed deflector forming a permanent part thereof.

One form which my invention may assume is that disclosed in Figs. 1 to l, inclusive, in which there is employed a sleeve 10 of very thin metal and of such diameter as to'closely fit within the conduit or intake pipe in con.- nection with which the same is to be employed. This sleeve preferably has an ou.t-, weirdly-extending flange 11 at one end thereof and which may be clamped between abut-1 ting ends of pipe sections as indicated in Fig. 1, so as to permanently position the In a preferred A ,sleeve. It is of course evident that any other sleeve may be a section of tubing with the minimum retarding effect flange expanded or spun out at one end, 01' the flange may be formed from a separate, piece of metal soldered or otherwise secured to the sleeve.

Within the sleeve is a deflector 12 of a Width preferably less than the radiusofthe sleeve and arranged so as to constitute a'section of a spiral, convolute; The deflector is of such length that it extends only part way around the peripheral wall of the sleeve and is illustrated as being of greater .width at the upper or outlet.end of the sleeve than at the inlet end. i This variation in width is not essential although it facilitates the 'giving ofthe desired swirl to the gas with the on the latter. The

deflector is preferably formed'of a piece of sheet metal and may be secured in place in any suitable manner,

as, for instance, by

soldering.

Adjacent to the outletor delivery end from the deflector, I interpose a series of inter ering elements which preferably lie in a plane at right angles to the axis of the sleeve, although a variation in this angle is permissible; The interfering elements are illustrated as aseries of wires 13, interwoven to form a very coarse Wire mesh lying in a plane at an acute angle to the swirling direction taken by the gas as it leaves the end of the baflie; The acuteness of this a'nglemay be varied by tilting the plane of the interfering elements in respect to the axis of the device but when arranged at right angles to said axis and with the deflector of the pitch illustratedyl am able to pitch of the deflector and also by the numher and. size of the interfering elements. The area of the deflector should be less and preferably much less than half of the area of-the conduit and the obliquity of the deflector should be about that shown in the drawing, that is, at an angle of 45 or less to theaxis of the conduit. This gives a i very effective swirl to the mixture at low velocities and at. the same time avoids any choking-efi'ect at the maximum velocity.

important feature of my-present' invention.

The interfering elements are," as. previ ously stated, preferably in the form of a coarse "wire' screen, and this screenmay be secured in place'in any suitable manner. 'A

simple and convenient means of securing the screen is that illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which theouter-end of the sleeve is provided with air-inwardlyprojecting bead 14: presenting a shoulder adjacent to the open end ofthe sleeve-and upon which the screen may .rest. The ter minal portion of the sleeve may be beaded or spun inwardly toform a flange firmly holding the screen against the shoulder and permanently retaining it in place.

As I have-previously indicated, the particular means illustrated in.Figs. 2, 3, and 4 for securing thespiral convolute and interfering elements in plate, is not essential to my inventibn as they may be secured in various other ways. I In Fig. 5,.I have illustrated-a section of a cast metal pipe 16, which may constitute a portion of the inlet to the engine, aportion of the manifold or a portion of any pipe through which it is desired to deliver a gaseous mixture. In this specific constr iction, the interfering elements may be' Having thus described my invention, what claim as new and desire to protect by Letters-Patent is:

The-section of spiral con- 4 or'niay form an in- 1. In a hydrocarbon vaporizing devicefor explosive engines, a conduit having an approximately straight axis, obliquely disposed,

from the inner peripheral wall of the con duit, the deflecting surface being of an area materially less than half'the cross section of said conduit, in combinationwith a plurality of stationary, open spaced interfering elements extending transversely of said. conduit and having their aggregate obstruction area small as compared with the cross section of said conduit and rigidly secured thereto closely adjacent to said deflecting means. I

2. In a hydrocarbon vaporizing device for explosive engines, a conduit 'having an ap proximately straight axis, and provided with a stationary, obliquel fleeting from the inner peripheral wall, of. the coriy disposed, de, blade or rib projecting inwardly .110 and a stationary, V deflecting blade or rib rigidly secured to and projecting inwardly dint, the total/projected or obstriictive'area of deflecting surface being materially; less "than halfthe cross section'of said conduit,

in combination with a plurality of stationary,'transve rsely arranged, open spacedirb j terfering elements locatedadjacent the de- 'liveryend of said deflecting means and hav ing' their aggregate obstruction area, small conduit.

3; An engine inlet pipe and a stationary sleeve removably disposed thereinandftelescoping therewith andhaving a helically dis xposed deflecting blade or rib havingan area much less than the cross sectional area of.

\ said sleeve rigidly secured to and projecting inwardly from the inner peripheral Wall thereof, in combination'with a plurality of.

stationary, Widely-spaced, small-area, 'interr feiing' elements arranged transversely of said sleeve ad acent the delivery end of said deflector.

4. A device of the class described,co nprising a thin metal sleeve adapted to telescope Within an engine inlet pipe and having one end. thereof provided with a-positioning and retaining flange, a coarsewire screen secured v ing from adjacent one end to adjacent the at the opposite end of said sleeve, and a helicall'y-disposeddefiector secured to the inner surface of the wall of said sleeve and extendas, compared With thejcross, section of said 1 opgiosite end and being of materiallvc ".vvidth than the radiils ing of gradually increasing Width from the of said sleeve and beend adjacent said said screen. v i 5. A device of the class described, com prising a thin metal sleeve, a coarse Wire flange to the end adjacent screensecured atone end of said sleeve, and

ahelically-disposed deflector secured to the inner surface of the Wall Of saidisleeve and extending from adjacent one endtq adjacent e the opposite end and being of materially less Width vthan the radius of said sleeve and being of graduallyincreasing width from the end-adjacent said flange to theend aolf iaeentsaid screen. I v I 6. A device of. the class described, comprising a thin inetal sleeve, a coarse Wire screen secured at one end of Sald. Sl BV(-3, and

a helically-disposed defiectorisecured to the inner surface of the wall of saidsleeve and extending from adjacent one end toadjacent the opposite end and being of materially less width than the radius of said sleeve. 

